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				Halim Jurdak (1927) 
				 
				 
				 
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				Born in 1927 in Ain El Sindianeh, North Lebanon, Halim Jurdak 
				began his artistic training at the Lebanese Academy of Fine Art 
				in 1953. He is the first Lebanese artist to work in the medium 
				of etching and engraving on an equal footing with painting and 
				drawing. His work has won many prizes, including the first prize 
				for Engraving at the Annual Exhibition of the École Nationale 
				Supérieure des Beaux-Arts, Paris. He has participated in 
				numerous international and regional exhibitions and began 
				teaching at the Institute of Fine Arts of the Lebanese 
				University in Beirut in 1966. 
				 
				Jurdak has written numerous artistic and literary articles and 
				has published several books, including The Metamorphosis of Line 
				and Color (dealing with the psychic and mental motives 
				underlying contemporary and modern plastic-artistic movements), 
				and The Eye of Contentment (consisting of contemplations and 
				meditations on art). 
				 
				Jurdak’s style has developed gradually from academic realism to 
				cubism, to figurative abstraction, to non-figurative 
				abstraction, and then to free non-objective forms, patterns and 
				compositions born from the qualities of pure abstract disengaged 
				colors and lines. In his later work, Jurdak focuses on the human 
				figure, capturing its warmth, elasticity, harmonies and 
				cadences, believing it the probity of the artist. 
				 
				Describing his method of work, Jurdak said: “There is no more a 
				palette from which the colors are carried to the pictorial 
				surface, because the pictorial surface itself has become the 
				palette. The visual concept, or reality, does not go from my 
				head to the pictorial surface, but is generated through the 
				meeting of the two midway.” 
				 
				 
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